Organizing A Century’s Feminist
♫ Tuesday, August 30th, 2011
INTERNATIONAL FEMINISM—AND feminist internationalism—have existed since at least the early 20th century, but forms of women’s organizing and mobilizing have varied over the past 100 years. Since the 1980s, a new transnational feminism—encompassing Third World countries as well as the core countries—has emerged which requires explanation.
All of this was occurring in the 1970s and 1980s—hence the formation of transnational feminist networks starting in the mid-1980s rather than earlier. In the early 20th century, international feminism was exemplified by the suffrage movement and the socialist women’s movement. Key feminist organizations of the period included the International Women’s Council, the International Alliance of Women, and the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom.
When feminist groups met internationally during the early part of the UN’s Decade for Women (1975-85), divisions and disagreements precluded any transnational unity. In the same way that nationalist affiliations and preoccupations had undermined the unity of the Second International, international feminism was divided by East-West hostility, the Palestinian question, and differences over what constituted feminist priority issues.
At the same time, capitalism was undergoing a global restructuring, and soon the world’s women were faced with new economic, political and ideological challenges. In response to these challenges, the international women’s movement took on a transnational character, and feminist solidarity across borders became a key feature of the networks that formed.
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